The Magneto X 3D printer is built on a robust and sophisticated hardware system, designed to deliver high precision and performance. This blog provides an in-depth look at the key components that power the Magneto X, focusing on its five primary systems:
1. Power Supply System
The power supply system of the Magneto X is comprised of two key power units: a 24V, 350W unit, and a 48V, 600W unit. The 48V unit powers the linear motors, ensuring they receive the necessary energy to operate efficiently.
2. MagXY System
The MagXY system includes three crucial components:
- Linear Motor Drive Control PCB: This board, based on the ESP32, handles error management, calibration, and initialization of the linear motors. Future updates will introduce more data-sharing features, enabling advanced users to optimize motor performance.
- Linear Motor Driver Module: Converts pulse signals into three-phase AC signals, which control the current in the motor coils, facilitating precise motor movement.
- Linear Motor: Composed of a rotor, stator, magnetic scale, and encoder, the motor provides accurate positional feedback and ensures precise movement along the X and Y axes.
3. Linux PCB
The Linux PCB system integrates an Orange Pi Zero2 with a Linux Hub PCB. The hub board features a USB-to-CANBUS module and a seven-port USB hub chip. Additionally, the board includes a CPU cooling fan, controlled via the BTT MCU PCB's GPIO.
For more details on Orange Pi Zero2, click here.
4. BTT MCU PCB
This PCB connects to the Linux PCB via a Type-C cable and handles connections for:
- Four Z-axis stepper motors
- Z-axis limit/probe pins
- X/Y motor pulse lines
- X/Y limits
- Heat bed PWM signal
- Heat bed temperature sensor
- CPU cooling fan
- Jetstream fan
More information about the MCU motherboard can be found here.
5. Toolhead PCB
Connected to the Linux PCB via a CANBUS line, the Toolhead PCB controls several critical components, including:
- Extruder motor
- Nozzle heater ring
- Nozzle thermistor
- Two side fans
- Hotend fan
- Loadcell signal
- Filament runout detection
- Load/Unload buttons
The use of CANBUS communication simplifies the wiring between the Toolhead and Linux PCB, making installation and maintenance easier.
Visit our wiki for more detailed information on the Toolhead PCB.
For an even more detailed overview of Magneto X's Electronic Hardware System, check out our comprehensive wiki page.
The Peopoly Team
